Major Hormones and Their Functions

The main hormones in the human body are chemical messengers that regulate vital functions like metabolism, growth, reproduction, and stress response.

Major Harmones

Major Hormones and Their Functions

• Insulin: Lowers blood glucose levels by facilitating cellular uptake of glucose.
• Glucagon: Raises blood glucose by promoting glycogen breakdown in the liver.
• Adrenaline (Epinephrine): Increases heart rate and blood pressure in response to stress (fight or flight response).
• Cortisol: A stress hormone; regulates metabolism, reduces inflammation, and controls blood sugar levels.
• Growth Hormone (GH): Stimulates growth, cell reproduction, and regeneration.
• Thyroid Hormones (T3 & T4): Increase metabolism, affect development, growth, and energy levels.
• Parathyroid Hormone: Regulates calcium levels in blood and bones.
• Estrogen: Regulates female reproductive system, menstrual cycle, and develops female secondary sexual characteristics.
• Progesterone: Prepares and maintains uterus for pregnancy; key in menstrual cycle.
• Testosterone: Develops male secondary sexual characteristics, increases muscle mass and bone density.
• Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH): Controls production of eggs and sperm.
• Luteinizing Hormone (LH): Triggers ovulation and stimulates testosterone production.
• Melatonin: Regulates sleep-wake (circadian) cycles.
• Prolactin: Promotes milk production after childbirth.
• Oxytocin: Facilitates childbirth, lactation, and social bonding.
• Aldosterone: Controls sodium and water levels in the blood, influencing blood pressure.
• Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH): Promotes water reabsorption in kidneys, regulates blood osmolarity.

Overview Table

These hormones are critical for maintaining homeostasis and overall health.